United States History On This Date: April 24th

1800 — Library of Congress Established

President John Adams signs the legislative act allocating $5,000 for “books for the use of Congress,” formally creating the Library of Congress. What begins as a modest reference collection for lawmakers quickly becomes a symbol of national intellectual ambition. Over time, it evolves into the world’s largest library, preserving manuscripts, maps, and cultural memory essential to the American story.

1862 — Farragut Captures New Orleans

Union Admiral David G. Farragut forces his fleet past Confederate defenses on the Mississippi River and seizes New Orleans, the South’s largest city and commercial heart. The victory cripples Confederate trade, secures a vital port for the Union, and demonstrates the growing dominance of federal naval power. It marks a decisive turning point in the Western theater.

1898 — Spain–U.S. War Begins

Congress declares that a state of war exists between the United States and Spain, launching the Spanish‑American War. The conflict, fueled by debates over Cuban independence and sensationalist journalism, propels the U.S. onto the world stage. Within months, American forces will fight in the Caribbean and Pacific, reshaping global power dynamics and U.S. foreign policy.

1980 — U.S. Rescue Attempt in Iran Fails

Operation Eagle Claw, the mission to rescue American hostages held in Tehran, ends in tragedy when mechanical failures and a sandstorm lead to a fatal crash in the Iranian desert. Eight U.S. servicemen die. The failed mission shakes national confidence, reshapes military planning, and leads to major reforms in special operations command structures.

Fire and Fury: Farragut’s fleet blasts its way past Forts Jackson and St. Philip on April 24, 1862, in this period illustration. At front-center, the USS Mississippi destroys the Rebel ironclad Manassas. ((Currier & Ives/Library of Congress))